Agra Fort

Agra Fort is the treasure house of early and later master pieces of Mughal architecture. The lofty ornamented fortification walls, strong decorated bastions and monumental gateways namely Akbari Darwaza (Amar Singh Gate), Hathi Pol, (Dilli Darwaza) are the finest specimens of Akbari style of Mughal architecture. The Mughals are credited to have constructed imposing Gates which surpassed all proto types of the Sultanate and Rajput Gates in Northern India. Following the Timurid and Indian traditions, the Mughal architecture assumed a new style ot building art in the sub continent. This is adequately represented by Akbari Mahal, Jahangiri Mahal and the elegant Khas Mahal, Char Bagh gardens, ornamental tank, fountains and the peerless Musamman Burj, the shallow monolithic marble basin, Diwan-i-Am (Chihil Sutun), Diwan-i-Khas, Shish Mahal, Turkish bath with their fine mirror decorations are the most attractive specimens of the marble buildings of Shah Jahan. The coloured pietra dura inlay work with marble and rich relief carvings in red stone represent magnificent architecture design and ornamentation. Two rectangular pavilions and the Jharoka darshan, built in Bengal style are matchless structures representing mature Mughal architecture. Among the religious buildings are the small marble mosque Mina Masjid, Nagina Masjid and the celebrated Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque). The early marble specimens ot Shah Jahan are notable for their designs, gates, prayer halls, supported on Shah Jahani pillars, pilasters, capitals, graceful mihrabs, elegant marble domes and ablution tanks.

The Agra Fort represents the first major building project of Akbar. It was built between I565-1575 AD on the site of an earlier castle and Sbahjahan added to it in the next century. Although it was a magnificent military structure with strength as the primary consideration, the ornamental aspect was blended in to give the Fort a special aesthetic character. According to Abul Fazl, Agra Fort had 500 buildings, constructed in the beautiful Bengal and Gujarat style. Today, very few buildings remain in the Fort. But they are a testimony to the marvel of Indian architecture during the reigns of Akbar and Sbahjahan at Agra. The elegant edifices in Agra Fort - Akbari Mahal, Jahangiri Mahal, Diwan-i-Aam, Diwan-i-Khas, Musamman Burj, Shish Mahal, Moti Masjid and Dilli Darwaza - provide the visitor a wonderlul opportunity to appreciate Mughal architecture, design and decoration. They are also a window into the administrative system and the life and times of the Mughal Emperors.

Agra Fort was declared as a monument of national importance in 1920. Since then, the Archaeological Survey of India has been responsible for its conservation and maintenance. Acknowledging its exceptional and universal value, the Fort is inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List since 1983. We hope the following photographs and their inscriptions will add to the visitors understanding and enjoyment of this World Heritage Site.

Agra Fort as seen from State Highway 62
Agra Fort as seen from State Highway 62.
high wall of the Agra Fort
High wall of the Agra Fort.
Brief history of the Agra Fort.
The bridge is placed before the entrance to the fort (Amar Singh Gate)
The bridge is placed before the entrance to the fort (Amar Singh Gate).
deep trench was digged under the wall of the fort
Deep trench was digged under the wall of the fort.
The trench is not only deep but also wide
The trench is not only deep but also wide.
The wall goes to the heaven
The wall goes to the heaven.
Third Amar Singh Gate
Third Amar Singh Gate.
This wall connects the Second and Third Amar Singh gates
This wall connects the Second and Third Amar Singh gates.
Agra Fort
The Agra Fort stretches almost 2.5 km.
Inner part of the entrance gates
Inner part of the entrance gates.
Rear side of the Second Amar Singh Gate
Rear side of the Second Amar Singh Gate.
wide stone approach
Wide stone approach.
Shah Jahani Gate
Shah Jahani Gate.
Jahangiri Mahal
Jahangiri Mahal.
Jahangiri Mahal has intricate geometric patterns
Jahangiri Mahal has intricate geometric patterns.
The top of Shah Jahani Gate is crowned by tall stone finials
The top of Shah Jahani Gate is crowned by tall stone finials.
Green lawns before Shah Jahani Gate
Green lawns before Shah Jahani Gate.
Hindu Symbols, the circle in the center is the main difference from the Star of David
Hindu Symbols, the circle in the center is the main difference from the Star of David.
Inner part of Jahangiri Mahal
Inner part of Jahangiri Mahal.
Jahangiri Mahal: interior view with brackets
Jahangiri Mahal: interior view with brackets.
Jahangiri Mahal interior view
Jahangiri Mahal interior view.
Taj Mahal as seen from Jahangiri Mahal
Taj Mahal as seen from Jahangiri Mahal.
Jahangiri Mahal inner building
Jahangiri Mahal inner building.
Jahangiri Mahal: one of the two pillared chhatris
Jahangiri Mahal: one of the two pillared chhatris.
Jahangiri Mahal: hole into the floor
Jahangiri Mahal: hole into the floor.
Taj Mahal view from Jahangiri Mahal
Taj Mahal view from Jahangiri Mahal.
Jahangiri Mahal sculptured flower
Jahangiri Mahal sculptured flower.
State Highway 62 as seen from Jahangiri Mahal
State Highway 62 as seen from Jahangiri Mahal.
Agra Fort inner interior
Agra Fort inner interior.
White and red structures of the fort, view of the railway bridge
White and red structures of the fort, view of the railway bridge.
small quadrangular chhatri
Small quadrangular chhatri.
trench as seen from atop the Agra Fort
Trench as seen from atop the Agra Fort.
Roshan Ara Pavilion
Roshan Ara Pavilion. The Golden Pavilions.
Anguri Bagh
Anguri Bagh.
hexagonal grid was made from red sandstone
Hexagonal grid was made from red sandstone.
tiny tank
Tiny tank.
double storied red sandstone building finely plastered in white lime
Double storied red sandstone building finely plastered in white lime.
Khas Mahal
Khas Mahal.
repair works in Anguri Bagh
Repair works in Anguri Bagh.
Anguri Bagh: marble paved platform with a small tank
Anguri Bagh: marble paved platform with a small tank.
on the sides of Anguri Bagh there are double storied square chambers
On the sides of Anguri Bagh there are double storied square chambers.
deep reservoir with a fountain
Deep reservoir with a fountain.
this fountain creates a rainbow when filled with colored water
This fountain creates a rainbow when filled with colored water.
close to the sleeping apartment of Shah Jahan
Close to the sleeping apartment of Shah Jahan.
Musamman Burj as seen from Khas Mahal
Musamman Burj as seen from Khas Mahal.
Jahan Ara Pavilion
Jahan Ara Pavilion.
flower motif inside the Khas Mahal
Flower motif inside the Khas Mahal.
Khas Mahal inner interior
Khas Mahal inner interior.
marble paved path between Khas Mahal and Jahan Ara Pavilion
Marble paved path between Khas Mahal and Jahan Ara Pavilion.
Musamman Burj as seen from Jahan Ara Pavilion
Musamman Burj as seen from Jahan Ara Pavilion.
Agra Fort below Musamman Burj
Agra Fort below Musamman Burj.
Agra Fort flower carvings
Agra Fort flower carvings.
It is forbidden to go inside Musamman Burj
It is forbidden to go inside Musamman Burj.
Musamman Burj: sophisticated pietra dura with precious coloured stones
Musamman Burj: sophisticated pietra dura with precious coloured stones.
fountain inside the Musamman Burj
Fountain inside the Musamman Burj.
Musamman Burj: beautiful floral design
Musamman Burj: beautiful floral design.
Agra Fort: water collector
Agra Fort: water collector.
Machchi Bhawan: the marble balcony
Machchi Bhawan: the marble balcony.
Machchi Bhawan
Machchi Bhawan.
Macchi Bhawan
Macchi Bhawan.
There are two thrones in the Throne Terrace
There are two thrones in the Throne Terrace.
Shahi Hammam.
Ceiling of the Diwan-i-Khas
Ceiling of the Diwan-i-Khas.
Diwan-i-Khas interior view
Diwan-i-Khas interior view.
Octagonal chhatri of the Musamman Burj
Octagonal chhatri of the Musamman Burj.
two girls sitting on the Black throne of Jahangir (Takht-i-Jahangiri)
Two girls sitting on the Black throne of Jahangir (Takht-i-Jahangiri).
Musamman Burj as seen from the Black throne of Jahangir
Musamman Burj as seen from the Black throne of Jahangir.
Chittor Gate
Chittor Gate.
Terrace of Diwan-i-Khas
Terrace of Diwan-i-Khas.
Taj Mahal as seen from Macchi Bhawan
Taj Mahal as seen from Macchi Bhawan.
Macchi Bhawan, double storied structure
Macchi Bhawan, double storied structure.
Nagina Masjid marble structures
Nagina Masjid marble structures.
Nagina Masjid water collector
Nagina Masjid water collector.
Nagina Masjid interior view
Nagina Masjid interior view.
Diwan-i-Am (Hall of Public Audience) interior view
Diwan-i-Am (Hall of Public Audience) interior view.
being in the shade of Diwan-i-Am
Being in the shade of Diwan-i-Am.
this square is close to Diwan-i-Am
This square is close to Diwan-i-Am.
Moti Masjid as seen from Diwan-i-Am
Moti Masjid as seen from Diwan-i-Am.
Moti Masjid
Moti Masjid.
Tomb of John Russell Colvin
Tomb of John Russell Colvin.
Landscape design south from Diwan-i-Am
Landscape design south from Diwan-i-Am.
Diwan-i-Am
Diwan-i-Am.
Diwan-i-Am green surroundings
Diwan-i-Am green surroundings.
Diwan-i-Am and three domes of the Nagina Masjid
Diwan-i-Am and three domes of the Nagina Masjid.
Babur's Baoli (Well)
Babur's Baoli (Well).
this door opens to Salimgarh
This door opens to Salimgarh.
Shah Jahani Gate as seen from Diwan-i-Am garden
Shah Jahani Gate as seen from Diwan-i-Am garden.
Palm tree in the Diwan-i-Am garden
Palm tree in the Diwan-i-Am garden.
Diwan-i-Am garden looks like paradise
Diwan-i-Am garden looks like paradise.
White marble domes of the Moti Masjid
White marble domes of the Moti Masjid.
Shah Jahani Gate interior view
Shah Jahani Gate interior view.
sunlight fills the inner space of Shah Jahan Gate
Sunlight fills the inner space of Shah Jahan Gate.
pathway to the exit from the fort
Pathway to the exit from the fort.
toilets
Toilets.
Jahangiri Mahal immersed in greenery
Jahangiri Mahal immersed in greenery.
monkeys run along the green lawn
Monkeys run along the green lawn.
Rhesus macaque
Rhesus macaque.
macaques resting in the shade
Macaques resting in the shade.
Akbari Mahal
Akbari Mahal.
monkeys sitting in the shade of the trees
Monkeys sitting in the shade of the trees.
side view of the Jahangiri Mahal
Side view of the Jahangiri Mahal.
Akbar's Baoli
Akbar's Baoli.
the oldest structures of the fort
The oldest structures of the fort.
Approach to the Akbari Mahal
Approach to the Akbari Mahal.
remains of the Akbari Mahal
Remains of the Akbari Mahal.
narrow and dark room of the Akbari Mahal
Narrow and dark room of the Akbari Mahal.
Taj Mahal as seen from Akbari Mahal
Taj Mahal as seen from Akbari Mahal.
Akbari Mahal interior view
Akbari Mahal interior view.
Akbari Mahal interior carvings
Akbari Mahal interior carvings.
security guard watching us
Security guard watching us.
rear side of the Akbari Mahal
Rear side of the Akbari Mahal.
Taj Mahal view from Akbari Mahal
Taj Mahal view from Akbari Mahal.
Yamuna river view from Akbari Mahal
Yamuna river view from Akbari Mahal.

Inscriptions in the Agra Fort

Kite (bird)
Kite (bird).
red octagonal chatri of the jahangiri palace
Red octagonal chatri of the Jahangiri palace.
Five-striped palm squirrel
Five-striped palm squirrel.
plan of the agra fort
Plan of the Agra Fort.
jahangir's hauz
Jahangir's Hauz.
jahangir's hauz 1610 ad
Jahangir's Hauz (1610 AD).
the shish mahal (the glass palace)
The Shish Mahal (the Glass Palace).
jahangir's chain of justice (zanjir-i-adl)
Jahangir's Chain of Justice (Zanjir-i-Adl).
the muthamman burj (shah-burj & jharokha)
The Muthamman Burj (Shah-Burj & Jharokha).
the mina masjid (1631-40 AD)
The Mina Masjid (1631-40 AD).
the diwan-i-khas (the hall of private audience)
The Diwan-i-Khas (The Hall of Private Audience).
throne of jahangir 1602 ad
Throne of Jahangir (1602 AD).
Marble Throne of Shah Jahan
Marble Throne of Shah Jahan.
the nagina masjid 1635 ad
The Nagina Masjid (1635 AD).
the diwan-i-am 1628-35 ad
The Diwan-i-Am (1628-35 AD).
John Russell, tomb inscription
John Russell, tomb inscription.
Agra Fort inscription
Agra Fort inscription. Conservation at Agra Fort.
Agra Fort - the World Heritage Monument
Agra Fort - the World Heritage Monument.